diff --git a/src/lib/util/dict_tokenize.c b/src/lib/util/dict_tokenize.c
index 619692218088..f197f15d36dd 100644
--- a/src/lib/util/dict_tokenize.c
+++ b/src/lib/util/dict_tokenize.c
@@ -899,7 +899,7 @@ static int dict_process_ref(dict_tokenize_ctx_t *ctx, fr_dict_attr_t const *pare
 static int dict_read_process_attribute(dict_tokenize_ctx_t *ctx, char **argv, int argc,
 				       fr_dict_attr_flags_t const *base_flags)
 {
-	bool			set_relative_attr = true;
+	bool			set_relative_attr;
 
 	ssize_t			slen;
 	unsigned int		attr;
@@ -931,11 +931,6 @@ static int dict_read_process_attribute(dict_tokenize_ctx_t *ctx, char **argv, in
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 *	Relative OIDs apply ONLY to attributes of type 'tlv'.
-	 */
-	if (type != FR_TYPE_TLV) set_relative_attr = false;
-
 	/*
 	 *	A non-relative ATTRIBUTE definition means that it is
 	 *	in the context of the previous BEGIN-FOO.  So we
@@ -959,6 +954,11 @@ static int dict_read_process_attribute(dict_tokenize_ctx_t *ctx, char **argv, in
 			if (slen <= 0) return -1;
 		}
 
+		/*
+		 *	We allow relative attributes only for TLVs.
+		 */
+		set_relative_attr = (type == FR_TYPE_TLV);
+
 	} else {
 		if (!ctx->relative_attr) {
 			fr_strerror_const("Unknown parent for partial OID");
@@ -966,10 +966,11 @@ static int dict_read_process_attribute(dict_tokenize_ctx_t *ctx, char **argv, in
 		}
 
 		parent = ctx->relative_attr;
-		set_relative_attr = false;
 
 		slen = fr_dict_attr_by_oid_legacy(ctx->dict, &parent, &attr, argv[1]);
 		if (slen <= 0) return -1;
+
+		set_relative_attr = false;
 	}
 
 	if (!fr_cond_assert(parent)) return -1;	/* Should have provided us with a parent */
@@ -1029,18 +1030,9 @@ static int dict_read_process_attribute(dict_tokenize_ctx_t *ctx, char **argv, in
 	 */
 	da = dict_attr_child_by_num(parent, attr);
 	if (!da) {
-		fr_strerror_printf("Failed to find attribute '%s' we just added.", argv[0]);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-#ifndef NDEBUG
-	if (!dict_attr_by_name(NULL, parent, argv[0])) {
-		fr_strerror_printf("Failed to find attribute '%s' we just added.", argv[0]);
+		fr_strerror_printf("Failed to find attribute number %u we just added to parent %s.", attr, parent->name);
 		return -1;
 	}
-#endif
-
-	if (set_relative_attr) ctx->relative_attr = da;
 
 	if (dict_process_ref(ctx, parent, da, ref) < 0) return -1;
 
@@ -1055,6 +1047,8 @@ static int dict_read_process_attribute(dict_tokenize_ctx_t *ctx, char **argv, in
 		memcpy(&ctx->value_attr, &da, sizeof(da));
 	}
 
+	if (set_relative_attr) ctx->relative_attr = da;
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1145,7 +1139,7 @@ static int dict_read_process_define(dict_tokenize_ctx_t *ctx, char **argv, int a
 
 	da = dict_attr_by_name(NULL, parent, argv[0]);
 	if (!da) {
-		fr_strerror_printf("Failed to find attribute '%s' we just added.", argv[0]);
+		fr_strerror_printf("Failed to find attribute '%s' we just added to parent %s", argv[0], parent->name);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
@@ -1162,6 +1156,12 @@ static int dict_read_process_define(dict_tokenize_ctx_t *ctx, char **argv, int a
 		memcpy(&ctx->value_attr, &da, sizeof(da));
 	}
 
+	if (type == FR_TYPE_TLV) {
+		ctx->relative_attr = da;
+	} else {
+		ctx->relative_attr = NULL;
+	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1248,16 +1248,9 @@ static int dict_read_process_enum(dict_tokenize_ctx_t *ctx, char **argv, int arg
 	 */
 	da = dict_attr_child_by_num(parent, attr);
 	if (!da) {
-		fr_strerror_printf("Failed to find attribute '%s' we just added.", argv[0]);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-#ifndef NDEBUG
-	if (!dict_attr_by_name(NULL, parent, argv[0])) {
-		fr_strerror_printf("Failed to find attribute '%s' we just added.", argv[0]);
+		fr_strerror_printf("Failed to find attribute number %u we just added to parent %s", attr, parent->name);
 		return -1;
 	}
-#endif
 
 	memcpy(&ctx->value_attr, &da, sizeof(da));
 
diff --git a/src/lib/util/dict_util.c b/src/lib/util/dict_util.c
index c775a5bd45ad..e760f9a7af04 100644
--- a/src/lib/util/dict_util.c
+++ b/src/lib/util/dict_util.c
@@ -1080,7 +1080,10 @@ int dict_attr_child_add(fr_dict_attr_t *parent, fr_dict_attr_t *child)
 	 *	The parent has children by name only, not by number.  Don't even bother trying to track
 	 *	numbers, except for VENDOR in root, and MEMBER of a struct.
 	 */
-	if (!parent->flags.is_root && parent->flags.name_only && (parent->type != FR_TYPE_STRUCT)) return 0;
+	if (!parent->flags.is_root && parent->flags.name_only &&
+	    (parent->type != FR_TYPE_STRUCT) && (parent->type != FR_TYPE_TLV)) {
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 *	We only allocate the pointer array *if* the parent has children.
@@ -1269,6 +1272,9 @@ int fr_dict_attr_add(fr_dict_t *dict, fr_dict_attr_t const *parent,
 	fr_dict_attr_t const	*old;
 	fr_dict_attr_flags_t	our_flags = *flags;
 	bool			self_allocated = false;
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+	fr_dict_attr_t		const *da;
+#endif
 
 	if (unlikely(dict->read_only)) {
 		fr_strerror_printf("%s dictionary has been marked as read only", fr_dict_root(dict)->name);
@@ -1331,6 +1337,22 @@ int fr_dict_attr_add(fr_dict_t *dict, fr_dict_attr_t const *parent,
 	 */
 	if (dict_attr_child_add(UNCONST(fr_dict_attr_t *, parent), n) < 0) goto error;
 
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+	/*
+	 *	Check if we added the attribute
+	 */
+	da = dict_attr_child_by_num(parent, n->attr);
+	if (!da) {
+		fr_strerror_printf("FATAL - Failed to find attribute number %u we just added to parent %s.", n->attr, parent->name);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (!dict_attr_by_name(NULL, parent, n->name)) {
+		fr_strerror_printf("FATAL - Failed to find attribute '%s' we just added to parent %s.", n->name, parent->name);
+		return -1;
+	}
+#endif
+
 	/*
 	 *	If it's a group attribute, the default
 	 *	reference goes to the root of the