company_share_data.py

#!/usr/bin/python

import sys
import csv
import random
import calendar

DEFAUTL_FROM_YEAR = 1995
DEFAULT_COMPANY_COUNT = 10

class SharePrice(object):
    """
        class is made for writing sample share data in csv,
        it also reads data from csv and define the duration when the share price was at its max for each company
    """
    def __init__(self, _company_count = DEFAULT_COMPANY_COUNT, _year_from = DEFAUTL_FROM_YEAR):
        self.company_count = _company_count
        self.year_from = _year_from
        self.header = []
        self.data = []

    def generate_sample_data(self):
        """
            It generates sample data for company share indexes for given year/month
        """
        file_data = []
        header = ['Year', 'Month']
        header.extend(['Company-%d' %(c+1) for c in range(self.company_count)])
        self.header = header
        #iteration of year till 2013
        for _year in range(self.year_from, 2014):
            for _month in range(12):
                row_data = [_year, calendar.month_abbr[_month+1]]
                row_data.extend([random.randint(10,1000) for i in range(self.company_count)])
                file_data.append(row_data)
            #End for a year
        self.data = file_data

    def write_to_csv(self, file_path):
        """
            it writes the generated sample data to csv file
        """
        with open(file_path, 'wb') as csv_file:
            writer = csv.writer(csv_file)
            writer.writerow(self.header)
            writer.writerows(self.data)
        return file_path

    def read_from_csv(self, file_path):
        """
            it reads data from csv file
        """
        data = []
        try:
            with open(file_path, 'rb') as csv_file:
                reader = csv.reader(csv_file)
                self.header = reader.next()
                for row in reader:
                    data.append(row)
            self.data = data
        except IOError as e:
            print e
            return

    def get_max_index(self):
        """
            just transpose the csv data to get the list for each company
            get the index and return duration when the share prices were high
        """
        company_data = {}
        for row, each_row in enumerate(self.data):
            for column, key in enumerate(self.header):
                if key not in company_data:
                    company_data[key] = []
                company_data[key].append(self.data[row][column])
        result = {}
        for c in range(self.company_count):
            key = "Company-%d" %(c+1)
            value = company_data[key]
            max_indices = [i for i in range(len(value)) if value[i] == max(value)]
            #get the year from 0th index, month from 1st index
            durations = ["%s-%s" %(company_data['Year'][index], company_data['Month'][index]) for index in max_indices]
            result[key] = ", ".join(durations)
        return result

def main(args):
    """
        main execution method to get the expected result after a lot of processing
    """
    if len(args)<2:
        print "\n\tplease follow the Usage instructions !!!"
        sys.exit(0)
    try:
        obj = SharePrice(int(args[2]) if len(args)>2 else DEFAULT_COMPANY_COUNT, int(args[3]) if len(args)>3 else DEFAUTL_FROM_YEAR)
    except ValueError as e:
        print "provided data is not valid, i m using a default values for demo"
        obj = SharePrice()
    #obj.generate_sample_data()
    #write data to csv
    #obj.write_to_csv(args[1])
    #read data from the given csv file
    obj.read_from_csv(args[1])
    result = obj.get_max_index()
    for index in range(obj.company_count):
        key = 'Company-%d' %(index+1)
        print "%s at its max on %s" %(key, result.get(key, '-NA-'))
    print "\n\tThank You ;)"


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print "\n\tUsage : `python %s <file_name.csv> <company_count : default 10> <year_from : default 1990>`\n" %(sys.argv[0])
    main(sys.argv)