Remove the artifacts related workflow steps (#1454) #23430

Job	Run time
code-quality	1m 16s
build packages	17s
unit test / python 3.9	1m 2s
unit test / python 3.10	58s
unit test / python 3.11	1m 0s
verify packages / python 3.9 / ubuntu-latest	16s
verify packages / python 3.10 / ubuntu-latest	15s
verify packages / python 3.11 / ubuntu-latest	18s
verify packages / python 3.9 / macos-14	32s
verify packages / python 3.10 / macos-14	28s
verify packages / python 3.11 / macos-14	9s
verify packages / python 3.9 / windows-latest	1m 8s
verify packages / python 3.10 / windows-latest	40s
verify packages / python 3.11 / windows-latest	39s
	8m 58s

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