Add ABI test against PG snapshot

[kpan2034]

This adds a test to check the ABI compatibility with PG snapshot. Timescaledb is built against the mininum abi version of postgres supported, for each major version of PG and tested against the latest snapshot.

Disable-check: force-changelog-file

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 82.19%. Comparing base (59f50f2) to head (bcb9306).
Report is 652 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #7457      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   80.06%   82.19%   +2.12%     
==========================================
  Files         190      230      +40     
  Lines       37181    43252    +6071     
  Branches     9450    10875    +1425     
==========================================
+ Hits        29770    35552    +5782     
- Misses       2997     3380     +383     
+ Partials     4414     4320      -94     

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[kpan2034]

The added workflow ABI Test Against Snapshot currently fails for PG15, PG16, and PG17 for the hypercore and hypercore_create tests.

This is due to the warnings like the following being thrown, which break our tests:

WARNING:  missing lock for relation "_hyper_1_1_chunk" (OID 17160, relkind r) @ TID (16,27)

[svenklemm]

We are building pg twice in the workflow while technically we only need to build it once. But since this only runs nightly and it would probably complicate the workflow a bit I think this is fine.