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This document outlines the specifications for the Triton-Mask developed at UC San Diego as a possible solution for PPE shortage during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Triton-Mask is an Emergency-Use Mask with a high-grade filtration and fit, comparable to standard N-95 respirators.
This product is a surgical mask. Materials that contact the body are polypropylene Halyard Sterilization Wrap, polypropylene Medline Sterilization Wrap, and elastic bands. This surgical mask meets Class I or Class II flammability requirements per 16 CFR 1610. Use this surgical mask with appropriate personal protective equipment per your institution’s standards. This product meets fluid resistance testing consistent with standard ASTM F1862 Standard Test Method for Resistance of Medical Face Masks to Penetration by Synthetic Blood.
This device has not been tested or qualified for any of the following uses: to prevent or reduce infection or related uses; for antimicrobial or antiviral protection; for radiation protection. It does not provide particulate filtration. Nor has this device been approved by any local, state, or federal agency, including the FDA. This device has not been disinfected or cleaned. Non-sterile.
The Regents of the University of California makes no claims regarding the safety and efficacy of this product. This product is delivered without warranty of any kind, express or implied, including without limitation any warranty of title, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. Use it at your own risk.
We and others have identified readily available material that filters 99% of particulates according to our tests and manufacturing specifications. We designed a respirator that provides 0.01% particulate penetration during normal breathing which can be deployed for public use, however, in order to enable scaling up future production and distribution more resources are needed.
Our overall goal is to empower anyone in need in California and beyond to readily access quality respirators that enable protection from the Coronavirus. We want the general population to be able to produce, or locally obtain, face masks with filtration and fit as close as possible to the protection warranted by current standards such as the N95 respirators. To provide generalizable access across populations with varying access to tools and materials, we aim to create a number of designs for DIY respirators that can be produced easily and with various local resources such as small-scale 3D printing facilities, easy-to-find filtration material, sewing, casting and other techniques.
We have received positive feedback to continue making these DIY respirators from top leadership within various departments in the UC San Diego Health Systems such as Surgery, the Emergency Department, and Infectious Diseases. Building off the success we have had with this respirators design, we are also working on optimizing the mask shape to universally seal on all individuals’ faces and provide the seal needed for medical-grade protection. The hope here is to also alleviate the stress on resources available for healthcare workers.
- Shiv Patel (UCSD Simulation Training Center and Weibel Lab)
- Tommy Sharkey (UCSD DesignLab and Weibel Lab)
- Nadir Weibel (UCSD DesignLab and Weibel Lab)
- “COVID-19 Map.”, Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. Accessed April 8, 2020. https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html.
- Yu X, Yang R. COVID-19 transmission through asymptomatic carriers is a challenge to containment. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2020. [PMID:32246886]
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), “Recommendation Regarding the Use of Cloth Face Coverings, Especially in Areas of Significant Community-Based Transmission”, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/cloth-face-cover.html
- MacIntyre CR, Seale H, Dung TC, et al. A cluster randomised trial of cloth masks compared with medical masks in healthcare workers. BMJ Open. 2015;5(4):e006577. [PMID:25903751]
- Karlamangla, Soumya. 2020. “There Are No Masks Left in L.A. County’s Emergency Stockpile.” Los Angeles Times, March 26, 2020. https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-25/coronavirus-healthcare-workers-masks-gowns-reuse
- University of Florida Health, “Mask Alternative”, https://anest.ufl.edu/clinical-divisions/mask-alternative
- Halyard ® POWERGUARD Technology, https://www.halyardhealth.com/solutions/surgical-solutions/sterilization-solutions/sterilization-wrap.aspx
- Medline ® Dual Color Bonded Surgical Instrument Wraps, https://www.medline.com/product/Dual-Color-Bonded-Surgical-Instrument-Wraps/Sterilization-Wraps/Z05-PF77587
- Willeke, K., H.E. Ayer, J.D., “New Methods For Quantitative Respirator Fit Testing With Aerosols,” American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Feb 1981
- Amy Price, DPhil (Oxon) and Larry Chu, MD On behalf of the Stanford AIM Lab and Learnly COVID-19 Evidence Service Stanford Anesthesia Informatics and Media Lab, "Can face masks be safely disinfected and reused?", https://elautoclave.files.wordpress.com/2020/03/stanford-2020.pdf
- CDC. 2020. “Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. April 7, 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/cloth-face-cover.html
- Thebault R., Tran A.B., and Williams V.; “The coronavirus is infecting and killing black Americans at an alarmingly high rate”, Washington Post, April 7, 2020; https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2020/04/07/coronavirus-is-infecting-killing-black-americans-an-alarmingly-high-rate-post-analysis-shows
- Walmart Inc, Smooth-On Silicone Mold Making, Liquid Rubber OOMOO 30 Easy to Use, https://www.walmart.com/ip/Smooth-On-Silicone-Mold-Making-Liquid-Rubber-OOMOO-30-Easy-to-Use-Trial-Size-2-8-lb/